Metal sulfides complex Sb2S3: SnS2:Cu1.95S (DDTC), exploring its synergistic effects on eco- friendly electrochemical energy employed in supercapacitors and electro-catalysis

The aim of this paper is to perform a thorough investigation into the creation and evaluation of metal sulphide complex, Sb 2 S 3 : SnS 2 : Cu 1.95 S (DDTC). In this synthetic procedure, diethyl dithio-carbamate was employed as a single source precursor. To learn more about the qualities of the material, a variety of analytical techniques were used to examine the outside design, internal arrangement and light-dependent aspects. A well-defined crystalline assembly with 89.4 % crystallinity with particle size of 11.15 nm were calculated by XRD investigation. In metal sulphide composites, SEM images showed a variety of morphology of particles. Using UV–Visible spectroscopy, the material's optical characteristics were examined to discover its low band gap energy with 2.94 eV for the direct band gap and 2.32 eV for the indirect band gap. Its smetal‑sulfur bonding was confirmed by the FTIR data with peak at 603 cm −1 , making it an efficient charged material. Utilizing voltammetric measurements in electrochemical research, the metal sulphide material demonstrated remarkable electrode performance. It had an effective specific capacitance of 88.7 F/g in CV measurements. An extremely low series resistance of Rs = 0.99 Ω was shown by the EIS study, while GCD data indicated a viable specific power density of 402.3 W/kg. Through electro-catalyzed water splitting, the Sb 2 S 3 : SnS 2 : Cu 1.95 S (DDTC) complex coated Ni-foam electrode developed an OER over-potential of 121 mV with corresponding Tafel slope of 97 mVdec −1 . On the other hand, electrode's HER activity had an over-potential of 168 mV and a Tafel slope of 161 mVdec −1 . These characteristics characterize very efficient electro-catalytic activity of the Sb 2 S 3 : SnS 2 : Cu 1.95 S (DDTC) complex adorned Ni-foam electrode. These results validated the metal sulphide’ favorable electrochemical characteristics, which are advantageous for eco-friendly and electro-photonic systems like supercapacitors and in water splitting technique to produce sustainable H 2 energy.