Resveratrol photothermal hydrogel based on dual pH and glucose responses promotes diabetic wound healing

• Exceptional compressive strength (blank control: 4.8 MPa, drug-loaded: 3.1 MPa) to meet the demands of diabetic foot activities. • Excellent conductivity (Z’ ≈ 800 Ω) to simulate the electrical microenvironment of tissues. • Wide-range pH and hyperglycemic responsiveness to achieve intelligent controlled release of resveratrol. • PDA-mediated NIR photothermal effect to trigger mild thermotherapy and significantly enhance drug release, enabling synergistic therapy. Diabetic wounds are notoriously difficult to heal due to a combination of hyperglycemia, hypoxia, chronic inflammation, and bacterial infection, which collectively impair tissue regeneration. In severe cases, these complications can lead to limb amputation or even mortality. Therefore, the development of multifunctional hydrogels capable of synergistically modulating the complex wound microenvironment holds substantial research significance and clinical potential. Hence, we developed a novel polydopamine-based multifunctional hydrogel loaded with silver nanoparticles and resveratrol (AgNPs@RES), exhibiting dual responsiveness to pH and glucose levels. The hydrogel integrates antibacterial silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with anti-inflammatory resveratrol (RES), while leveraging the near-infrared (NIR)-responsive photothermal properties of polydopamine (PDA), thereby enabling spatiotemporally controlled therapeutic effects. The intelligent hydrogel dressing demonstrates sustained antibacterial and anti-inflammatory capabilities under NIR irradiation. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirm that the NIR-treated group achieved nearly complete epithelialization, with a wound healing rate of 99.3%, significantly outperforming the blank control group. These results underscore the therapeutic potential of the developed hydrogel for efficient diabetic wound repair, indicating promising clinical prospects.