Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the instrument of self-care for prevention of diabetic foot.

OBJECTIVE: This methodological study was conducted to evaluate the Turkish validity and reliability of the "Instrument of Self-care for Prevention of Diabetic Foot" developed by Herrera-Guerra and Bautista-Arellano. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research is of methodological type. The study was conducted with 202 diabetic individuals followed up at a university hospital in Türkiye. Translation-back translation was used to assess linguistic validity, and the opinions of 11 experts were consulted for content validity. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was applied to assess construct validity, and the Diagonally Weighted Least Squares (DWLS) estimator was used in the analyses. For reliability analysis, internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega) were calculated, and a test-retest reliability test was performed on 26 patients at four-week intervals. RESULTS: The content validity index was found to be 0.98. CFA results showed that the three-factor structure of the scale (Self-Care Monitoring, Self-Care Maintenance, and Self-Care Management) is suitable for the Turkish sample and that the model fit indices are at an excellent level (GFI = 0.989, CFI = 0.995, RMSEA = 0.055, SRMR = 0.061). Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the sub-dimensions of the scale were found to be in the range of 0.859-0.885, and McDonald's omega coefficients were in the range of 0.869-0.887. In the test-retest analysis, it was determined that there was no systematic deviation between the measurements in the Bland-Altman plots and that there was a very high level of positive correlation between test and retest scores (r = 0.992-0.994). CONCLUSION: As a result of the research, it was determined that the Instrument of Self-care for Prevention of Diabetic Foot is a valid and reliable scale in Turkish. This tool can be used as a guide in nursing care in terms of preventing diabetic foot ulcers and monitoring self-care of patients with diabetes in the Turkish population.