Prognostic value of the Mayo-Fundación Jiménez Díaz classification for nonsurgical proximal humerus fractures: a morphological approach to predicting functional outcomes

Background: Current classification systems for proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) often fail to provide a reliable functional prognosis. The Mayo-Fundación Jiménez Díaz (FJD) classification aims to address this by focusing on specific morphological patterns. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the Mayo-FJD classification and determine if fracture morphology outweighs patient-specific factors like age, gender, and limb dominance in predicting clinical success. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 149 patients with PHFs initially managed nonsurgically (minimum 24-month follow-up). Fractures were categorized into 9 types based on the Mayo-FJD system. Clinical outcomes were assessed using University of California at Los Angeles, Constant, and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores and range of motion. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to adjust for age, gender, and limb dominance. Results: > .05). Conclusion: The Mayo-FJD classification is a robust tool for predicting functional outcomes and surgical failure in PHFs. Fracture morphology is a more critical determinant of clinical success than patient-specific variables, providing surgeons with a reliable framework for therapeutic planning and patient counseling.