Magnetic Resonance Imaging During Therapeutic Hypothermia Accurately Reflects the Degree of Brain Injury in Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of data collected prospectively from a cohort of 114 neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) obtained during therapeutic hypothermia (TH) showed 95% concordance with MRI obtained at a median postnatal age of 11 days in regard to injury pattern and severity. These results support MRIs during TH as a reliable tool to assess brain injury, facilitating timely clinical decisions, parental counseling and trial enrollment.