Changjing Hu, Xuehong Dong, Fan Yang, Xinyu Liu, Yuan Zhang, Zikang Xu, Lan Sun, Qingxia Li, Jinyang Shen, Yue Zhou
In summary, the DALYs of OA associated with high BMI showed a continuous upward trend in most countries. Females and older adults were more susceptible to OA attributed to high BMI. Controlling modifiable risk factors, such as maintaining an appropriate BMI, was essential for disease prevention. Key Points • Our key results revealed a clear upward trend in OA burden associated with high BMI: in 2021, the global age-standardized rates (ASRs) of OA prevalence and DALYs reached 6967.29 [95% uncertainty interval (UI), 6180.70-7686.06] and 244.50 (95% UI, 117.06-493.11) per 100,000 population, respectively. • Stratified analyses further identified critical disparities: DALYs attributable to high BMI were consistently higher in females than males, with both sexes facing the greatest burden between 55 and 59 years of age (418,154 DALYs for females and 258,052 for males). Females also exhibited greater sensitivity to OA associated with high BMI across all regions. • From 1990 to 2021, among the 21 GBD regions, East Asia showed the largest increase in rank (from 17 to 12th highest), while Central Europe showed the largest decrease in rank (from 11 to 14th highest). Additionally, countries with a high SDI carried a significantly heavier burden of high BMI-related OA compared to low-SDI countries. • The prediction results shown that OA attributable to high BMI still maintained a continuous increasing long-term trend, with significant gender differences.
OBJECTIVE: To quantify the burden of osteoarthritis (OA) associated with high body mass index (BMI) across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021, and to predict the possible trends between 2022 and 2050.
METHODS: The prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of OA were extracted from Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2021. This study analyzed global, regional, and national data, systematically assessing the burden of OA associated with BMI by age, socio-demographic index (SDI), and sex. The forecasts were conducted to predict the disease burden until 2050.
RESULTS: In 2021, the global age-standardized rates (ASRs) of OA prevalence and DALYs increased to 6967.29 [95% uncertainty interval (UI), 6180.70-7686.06] and 244.50 (95% UI, 117.06-493.11) per 100,000 population, respectively, demonstrating a consistent upward trend over the years. DALYs rate attributable to high BMI were higher in females than in males, with both sexes experiencing the highest burden between the ages of 55 to 59-418,154 for females and 258,052 for males. Females were generally more sensitive to OA associated with high BMI than males across all regions. Additionally, countries with a high SDI bore a significantly greater burden of OA caused by high BMI compared to countries with a low SDI. The prediction results show that OA attributable to high BMI will maintain a continuous increasing long-term trend, with significant gender differences.
CONCLUSIONS: In summary, the DALYs of OA associated with high BMI showed a continuous upward trend in most countries. Females and older adults were more susceptible to OA attributed to high BMI. Controlling modifiable risk factors, such as maintaining an appropriate BMI, was essential for disease prevention. Key Points • Our key results revealed a clear upward trend in OA burden associated with high BMI: in 2021, the global age-standardized rates (ASRs) of OA prevalence and DALYs reached 6967.29 [95% uncertainty interval (UI), 6180.70-7686.06] and 244.50 (95% UI, 117.06-493.11) per 100,000 population, respectively. • Stratified analyses further identified critical disparities: DALYs attributable to high BMI were consistently higher in females than males, with both sexes facing the greatest burden between 55 and 59 years of age (418,154 DALYs for females and 258,052 for males). Females also exhibited greater sensitivity to OA associated with high BMI across all regions. • From 1990 to 2021, among the 21 GBD regions, East Asia showed the largest increase in rank (from 17 to 12th highest), while Central Europe showed the largest decrease in rank (from 11 to 14th highest). Additionally, countries with a high SDI carried a significantly heavier burden of high BMI-related OA compared to low-SDI countries. • The prediction results shown that OA attributable to high BMI still maintained a continuous increasing long-term trend, with significant gender differences.