Arc erosion resistance of TiB2/Cu composites under different voltages

This study investigates the arc erosion behavior of copper matrix composites reinforced with in-situ synthesized, dispersed TiB 2 particles fabricated by powder metallurgy. The aim is to clarify their arc erosion performance and mechanisms under different voltages. Compared with pure Cu, the 2 wt%TiB 2 /Cu composite exhibits lower contact resistance and reduced mass loss during arc erosion. At low voltage, the 2 wt%TiB 2 /Cu composite offer improved electrical contact stability, and maintain low resistance over repeated operations. At high voltage, the initial arc energy input is high. However, the welding force decreases later, and the arc stabilizes. The high melting point and thermal stability of TiB 2 promote arc energy dissipation. They stabilize the molten pool during high-temperature exposure. This process limits molten metal loss, slows erosion crater growth, and enhances arc extinction capability. Overall, this study demonstrates how arc-erosion mechanisms in 2 wt%TiB 2 /Cu composite evolve with voltage. It provides experimental and theoretical guidance for designing electrical contact materials for arc-erosion conditions.