Recent advances in enzymatic synthesis, purification and functional characterization of diacylglycerols: A review

Diacylglycerols (DAG) are minor yet functionally significant components of fats and oils. The enzymatic synthesis of DAG has garnered considerable attention due to its high efficiency, environmentally friendly processes, and clean production advantages. These benefits are particularly evident compared to traditional chemical methods, which often involve high energy consumption, wastewater generation, and the production of toxic byproducts, such as glycidyl esters. This review paper explores recent advancements in DAG production through various enzymatic methods. It also evaluates the separation and purification techniques required to obtain high-purity DAG. Furthermore, the functional benefits, challenges, and future prospects of enzymatically synthesized DAG are discussed. Overall, the paper highlights enzymatic approaches to DAG production and offers new insights into its purification and functional applications.