Jefferson Moreno De Castro, Jomar Sesguro Tianio
Medical artificial intelligence is increasingly used in diagnostic support, risk prediction, disease surveillance, documentation, referral, and workflow management. This conceptual study examines its ethical integration into Philippine healthcare through Pope Leo XIV's Magnifica Humanitas, incarnational theology, Filipino relational ethics, postcolonial bioethics, and Catholic Social Teaching. Using integrative, concept-driven thematic analysis and theological-bioethical dialogue, the study develops three themes: the optimized body and incarnate human dignity; medical AI and technological colonialism; and subsidiarity, distributive justice, and the incarnate clinic. Medical AI is neither inherently dehumanizing nor colonial because of foreign origin. Ethical concern arises when systems encode narrow assumptions about bodies and functioning, lack locally and subgroup-relevant validation, remain insufficiently intelligible, weaken patient participation, concentrate control over data and infrastructure, create proprietary dependence, or distribute costs and benefits inequitably. The study proposes incarnational-technological alignment as an ethical criterion for determining whether medical AI remains ordered toward embodied dignity, relational integrity, local epistemic authority, distributive justice, accountable judgment, and the common good. The Incarnational Health Technology Discernment Framework evaluates this criterion through epistemic fit, relational integrity, distributive justice, and technological subsidiarity. It distinguishes service-oriented alignment, conditional or dependent alignment, and colonial-technocratic misalignment while permitting mixed and revisable configurations. Technological subordination is advanced as the alternative to both technological refusal and uncritical adoption. Responsible use requires risk-sensitive local validation, post-deployment monitoring, accessible communication, patient-preferred relational participation, disability-sensitive interpretation, distributed accountability, responsible data governance, sustainable infrastructure, equitable access, local capacity development, and procedures for correction, restriction, suspension, or withdrawal. The framework remains provisional and requires empirical and institutional examination across differently resourced Philippine healthcare settings.