Lisa Marie Stach, Lisa Gerarda Maria Huis in ‘t Veld, Theres Schaub, Marina Jendrach, Marta Ornaghi, Marius Schwabenland, Antje Beling, Sandra Pinkert
analysis captured IFN responses and immune cell dynamics across both acute and chronic inflammation phases. During the acute stage, IFN responses intensified in a dose-dependent manner, with upregulated IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), increased ISGylation, and microglial activation. Chemokine release coincided with the infiltration of monocytes and T cells in the injured brain. In the chronic phase, viral RNA was undetectable, yet flow cytometry showed persistent T cell presence and low-level microglial activation, indicating ongoing inflammation. This model provides a valuable platform for investigating IFN responses and immune cell interactions in central nervous system (CNS) viral infections and neuroinflammatory conditions.