Maxwell fluid flow with Gyrotactic microorganisms: Effects of suction reynolds number, activation energy, and nonlinear heat radiation

The purpose of this study is to explore a steady 2-D flow behaviour of Maxwell fluid, focusing on the properties of important factors on temperature, velocity, concentration, and motile microbe density distributions. The roles of suction Reynolds number, energy activation, and nonlinear thermal radiation are discussed. By inserting appropriate similarity variables, governing equations are transformed into dimensionless form, and the resulting nonlinear equations are numerically solved using the bvp4c technique. Graphs depict the impact of various physical factors on temperature, velocity, concentration, and motile microbe density boundary layer profiles. Furthermore, the research shows changes in skin friction coefficients, mass transfer rates, and density numbers. The principal findings of this study show that the Deborah number and magnetic parameter diminish fluid velocity and shear stress. The heat source parameter and Eckert number increase the thickness of the thermal boundary layer. Meanwhile, the Reynolds and Schmidt numbers reduce the concentration dispersion. Furthermore, the bioconvective Schmidt number and motile parameter diminish the density of motile bacteria. Researchers are interested in this fluid model because gyrotactic organisms boost bioconvective mixing, which improves heat and mass transfer; this mechanism is directly applicable to practical systems like bioreactors, wastewater treatment, microfluidic gadgets, and bioenergy generation.