Research on peak-valley optimization of distributed photovoltaic energy storage systems based on an improved particle swarm algorithm

This paper proposes an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for optimizing the coordinated operation of energy storage systems and photovoltaic (PV) systems to address load fluctuations caused by distributed PV grid connection. First, the impact of PV grid connection on the power system is assessed, and the improved PSO algorithm is used to regulate the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system to balance supply and demand, reduce load fluctuations, and enhance peak shaving efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively smooths the load curve, reducing the peak-to-valley difference by 23 %, improving the charging and discharging efficiency of energy storage devices by 18 %, and lowering system operating costs by 12 %. It accurately determines energy storage charging and discharging strategies and effectively controls grid load.