Infective endocarditis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation - data from national registry.

INTRODUCTION: There is relatively little detailed information about patients with IE after TAVI from nationwide registries. AIM: To evaluate the incidence of IE after TAVI, to analyse the characteristics of patients, infectious agents, type of IE and patients' outcomes. METHODS: A total of 9887 TAVIs were performed at 14 centres in the Czech Republic between 2010 and 2023. Rehospitalization for potential IE (according to ICD-10 diagnosis) were identified. A total of 129 patients were confirmed with IE (27× possible IE, 102× definite IE) with cumulative incidence of 1.3%. The TAVI prosthesis in patients with definite IE was affected in 71 patients (70%), IE on mitral valve was present in 22 patients, 7 patients had device IE and site of infection was not identified in 2 patients. The main infectious agents were Enterococcus faecalis (37 patients, 29%) and Staphylococcus aureus (28 patients, 21%). Streptococcus species were the causative agents of IE in 27 cases (21%). Time from TAVI to occurrence of IE did not differ among the four main microbiological groups. The in-hospital mortality rate of patients with confirmed IE was 27%. CONCLUSION: The cumulative incidence of infective endocarditis after TAVI was 1.3% in the large nationwide registry, with an in-hospital mortality of 27%. Enterococcus species were the most common pathogens without differences in time distribution compared to other causative agents.