Reducing soot and genotoxic polycyclic aromatic compound emissions from jet fuel combustion by pentanol blending.

Here, the impact of pentanol blending on the health-relevant physicochemical properties of soot emissions from enclosed spray combustion of jet fuel is assessed using real-time and time-integrated sampling instrumentation, as well as multi-path particle dosimetry modelling. Increasing the pentanol content in the jet fuel blend decreases the mass concentration of soot up to 71 % and the total concentration of surface-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds up to 37 %. Soot agglomerates and primary particles emitted by combustion of jet fuel/pentanol blends are smaller and have a more amorphous nanostructure compared to those produced using standard jet fuel. Modelling the lung deposition of soot emitted from the present enclosed spray combustion burner indicates that blending jet fuel with 20 and 40 vol % pentanol reduces the deposited soot surface area and genotoxic potential up to 54 and 92 %, respectively. These results provide insights regarding the impact of pentanol blending on soot formation, composition and health-relevant properties under controlled laboratory combustion conditions. More broadly, the framework developed here can be used to assess how oxygenated fuel components influence the health-relevant physicochemical properties of soot from liquid fuel combustion.