Bionic microchannels and nanoflows synergistically enhance heat transfer performance of semiconductor laser heat sinks

To address the heat transfer challenges associated with semiconductor lasers at high power density, this study employs the cobweb topology as a bionic blueprint to construct a first-generation microfluidic channel model (first-order model) and systematically improve the heat dissipation performance through an iterative optimization strategy. The results show that the fourth-order iterative model achieves a significant thermal performance improvement of up to 46.8 % compared with the original model. Based on this, the thermal performance evaluation factor (PEC) of the model jumps from 4.41 to 6.93, an increase of 57.0 %, through the refined design of the flow channel structure. It is found that the vortex effect negatively affects the thermal performance, and the shark skin texture characteristics are used to biomimic the design of the fairing structure, which effectively suppresses the vortex generation and increases the PEC value from 6.93 to 7.30, achieving a performance optimization of 5.2 %. In addition, by introducing nanofluids into the heat-dissipation working medium, it has been discovered that the high-concentration nanofluids demonstrate excellent heat-dissipation enhancement under low Reynolds number(Re) conditions. Specifically, the Performance Evaluation Criterion (PEC) increases by 5.0 %. Conversely, low-concentration nanofluids exhibit remarkable performance under high Re conditions, with a 2.1 % increase in PEC. The multi-dimensional biomimetic optimization strategy proposed in this study provides a new technical path and theoretical support for the design and development of high-performance heat sinks through the synergistic effects of structure biomimicry, vortex inhibition and medium improvement, which is of reference value for promoting the innovation and development of heat dissipation technology. The shark skin texture characteristics are used to biomimic the design of the fairing structure, which effectively suppresses the vortex generation and increases the PEC value from 6.93 to 7.30, achieving a performance optimization of 5.2 %.