Waste beverage can-derived aluminum oxide supported on graphene oxide for the effective removal of ciprofloxacin from aqueous medium

• GO/Al₂O₃ nanoadsorbent was prepared using spent beverage cans and spent dry cell • Prepared GO/Al2O3 nanoadsorbent removes 98.0% TC within 10 min. • After adsorption, GO/Al 2 O 3 nanoadsorbent can be separated using solvent washing • GO/Al 2 O 3 nanoadsorbent C nanoadsorbent can be reused multiple cycles In this study, graphene-based aluminum oxide (GO/Al₂O₃) was successfully synthesized using waste beverage cans as the aluminum source and graphite electrodes from spent dry cells as the carbon source. The resulting material was employed as an effective adsorbent for removing ciprofloxacin (CIP) from aqueous solutions. The synthesized GO/Al₂O₃ composite was characterized using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the influence of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial CIP concentration, and temperature, and to identify the optimal adsorption conditions. Under optimal conditions (pH 6, adsorbent dose 0.1 g/L, initial CIP concentration 0.2 mg/L), the composite removed 98.8% of CIP within 10 minutes. The improved correlation between the experimental data and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model suggests the interaction of CIP with this adsorbent is mainly controlled by the chemisorption process. The isotherm data of the adsorption process is best fitted with the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption is multilayer adsorption to the surfaces of GO/Al 2 O 3 . Therefore, the straightforward, cost-effective, and eco-friendly synthesis of Graphene based Aluminium Oxide (GO/Al 2 O 3 ) from waste beverage can and dry cells might be appropriate to manufacture a compelling and auspicious low-cost adsorbent for the removal of CIP from the aqueous media.