Recent advances in the application of two-dimensional nanomaterials for postharvest quality control and safety monitoring of fruits and vegetables.

Fresh fruits and vegetables are essential to everyday diets, and growing global attention is focused on their quality and safety. Protecting freshness and ensuring safety after harvest is therefore a key requirement for building a sustainable and environmentally friendly supply of fruits and vegetables. In response, substantial research has focused on advanced materials that support postharvest quality management and safety monitoring. Two-dimensional nanomaterials (2D-NMs) have emerged as particularly promising materials for these applications because of their layered structures, large specific surface areas, and adjustable physicochemical characteristics. This review discusses the main ways 2D-NMs can be used for postharvest fruits and vegetables quality control, covering gas barrier regulation, antimicrobial performance, and controlled release behavior in packaging systems. The study also presents 2D-NM-based strategies for detecting pesticides, as well as sensor platforms for postharvest quality monitoring of fruits and vegetables. Overall, it summarizes the practical use of 2D-NMs in postharvest quality control and safety monitoring, with a central focus on their incorporation as functional additives in packaging films.