The cGAS-STING pathway in inflammaging and neuroinflammation.

Cytosolic DNA surveillance through the cGAS-STING axis is a central component of innate immune defense, coupling the detection of mislocalized DNA to downstream inflammatory responses. Beyond its established role in antiviral immunity, dysregulated cGAS-STING signaling has emerged as an important driver of cellular senescence, chronic sterile inflammation, and the progression of aging-associated disorders, particularly in the central nervous system. In this review, we integrate recent advances in understanding the multilayered regulation of cGAS-STING signaling, its expanding roles in inflammaging and neuroinflammation, and current therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating this pathway to re-establish immune homeostasis in diseases linked to chronic inflammation and neuroimmune dysfunction.