Qi Li, Mingzhu Zhang
Despite the impressive progress in the research field, precision medicine poses marked challenges in the treatment of bone-related diseases. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that bind to their targets via specific structural interactions. Among the targeted strategies, aptamer-based biomaterials are one of the outstanding representatives and are attracting growing attention in precision medicine. However, the current progress of research into aptamers for the treatment of bone disorders has not been well documented. Here, we summarize the latest aptamers that recognize different targets, highlight the platforms used in combination with aptamers, and present recent progress in proof-of-concept aptamer-based strategies for early biomarker detection and treatment of bone disorders. We discuss the challenges and opportunities to further accelerate the discovery, application, and translation of aptamer-based therapeutic strategies for various bone disorders.