Advances and challenges in digitally connected point-of-care biosensing

Point-of-care (POC) biosensors are undergoing a paradigm shift from isolated diagnostic tools to digitally connected, intelligent platforms that enable continuous and decentralized healthcare delivery. This review critically examines recent advances in wearable, implantable, and portable biosensors, highlighting how integration with wireless communication, the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), and artificial intelligence is transforming their functionality and clinical utility. Particular attention is given to innovations such as smartphone-enabled interfaces, cloud-based analytics, and machine learning-assisted analysis, which collectively enhance sensitivity, specificity, and user accessibility across diverse healthcare settings, from personalized home monitoring and bedside diagnostics to deployment in resource-limited regions. The review also considers regulatory, ethical, interoperability, and cybersecurity challenges that influence their adoption. By synthesizing recent technological breakthroughs with systemic barriers, this article provides a comprehensive perspective on how connected POC biosensors are redefining the future of biosensing and decentralized healthcare.