Héctor Vázquez-Lorente, José María Manzanares, Nancy Babio, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Dolores Corella, Javi Hernando, J. Alfredo Martínez, Joaquín Alonso, Julia Wärnberǵ, Jesús Vioqué, Dora Romaguera, José López-Miranda, Ramon Estruch, Francisco J. Tinahones, Victor Urbano-Fernández, Lluís Serra-Majem, Naomi Cano-Ibañez, Josep A. Tur, Vicente Martín Sánchez, Xavier Pintó, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Pilar Matía-Martín, J Vidal, Clotilde Vázquez, Emili Ros, Fernando Fernández-Aranda, Estefania A Toledo, Liliana Gutiérrez-Carrasquilla, José V. Sorli, María Dolores Zomeño, Antonio Garcia-Rios, Alejandro Oncina-Canovas, Raquel Cueto-Galán, M.Angeles Zulet, Lara Prohens, Rosa Casas, María Durán-Luque, Lucas Tojal-Sierra, Víctor Simón-Frapolli, Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz, Rebeca Fernández-Carrión, Olga Castaner, Aquiles Lozano Rodriguez-Mancheño, Alberto Asencio, Ana García-Arellano, Montse Fitó, Lidia Daimiel, Jordi Salas-Salvadó
BACKGROUND: Dietary choline and betaine may protect against cognitive decline. OBJECTIVES: To examine longitudinal associations between dietary choline and betaine intake and 2-y cognitive changes in older adults. METHODS: This prospective cohort study is a secondary analysis nested within the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Participants included 6610 older adults aged 55-75 y with metabolic syndrome. Dietary choline and betaine intake were estimated at baseline, 1, and 2 y using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire. Cumulative averages were calculated. Cognitive function was assessed at baseline and 2 y using 5 composite scores based on 8 neuropsychological tests covering global cognition, general cognition, attention, executive function, and language. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models evaluated associations between energy-adjusted cumulative average intakes and 2-y cognitive changes. RESULTS: ; P-trend = 0.036) compared with the lowest tertile. CONCLUSIONS: Higher dietary choline and betaine intake were associated with modest short-term improvements in cognitive performance over 2 y in older adults. Longer-term studies are warranted. This trial was registered at www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.