A systematic mapping and meta-analysis on sustainable entrepreneurial intention: Insights from the theory of planned behavior

This study analyzed the factors influencing Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention (SEI) through a two-stage evidence synthesis approach combining systematic mapping and meta-analysis. A total of 68 empirical studies published between 2021, and April 2024 were reviewed to provide a comprehensive overview of the demographic, methodological, and theoretical characteristics of SEI research. The systematic mapping revealed a predominant use of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), with constructs such as perceived behavioral control, attitude, and subjective norms being the most frequently examined. A subsequent meta-analysis of 39 studies that reported sufficient statistical information was conducted to estimate the effect sizes of these constructs on SEI. The findings indicated that perceived behavioral control (β = 0.39) and attitude (β = 0.33) exhibited the strongest positive effects, while subjective norms demonstrated a weaker and more variable influence (β = 0.13). Subgroup analyses indicated that factors such as participant type and disciplinary background may moderate these effects, although overall heterogeneity remains unexplained. PLS-SEM has emerged as the predominant and most suitable technique for SEI research, particularly in exploratory contexts and small sample settings. The results of the study are discussed in depth, with a particular focus on their implications for educational settings and practitioners.