Optical and Antibacterial Performance of Dy³⁺/Tb³⁺ co-doped SnO₂ Nanoparticles Synthesized From the Green Synthesis of Laurus nobilis L. Extract

Abstract In the present study, an environmentally friendly method was used to synthesize Dy 3+ , Tb 3+ , Dy 3+ /Tb 3+ doped and undoped SnO 2 nanoparticles using Laurus nobilis L. extract as a reducing agent. The X-ray diffractograms confirmed that the detected planes correspond to the tetragonal-rutile phase and the absence of additional phases confirmed that it was obtained in a pure form. PL intensity decreased due to non-radiative transitions caused by increases in thermal energy and vibrational states as the temperature was raised from 10 K to room temperature. However, this decrease slowed down after 150 K. It is anticipated that these samples, as they approach a thermally stable state, may be considered potential candidates for optoelectronic applications. CIE diagrams of the nanostructures, for undoped SnO₂, the single-doped and co-doped samples shifted toward the white coordinate. Antibacterial tests conducted on synthesized nanoparticles showed that they exhibit good activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.