Ghada M. Taha, Rasha A. Baseer, Maha Sultan
Industrial wastewater is a major concern due to its harmful impact on human health, the environmental and the economy. Scientists and government organizations are focusing on water purification. Researchers worldwide are focusing on biopolymers as eco-friendly adsorbents, practically biopolymer based nanocomposites such as nanometal oxides, magnetic nanocomposite, nanoclay composites and carbonaceous nanomaterials. These materials have a large surface area, high chemical reactivity, and great mechanical strength which could improve water cleanup methods. Chitosan-based nano composite have garnered significant attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties making them suitable for water purification. They can effectively remove microorganisms (bacteria and chemicals), dyes, inorganic and organic contaminants, and heavy metals in wastewater treatment through binding action such as adsorption, chelation, and ion exchange. This is review focuses on the enhancement of chitosan properties through the incorporation of nanostructured carbon and inorganic nanoparticles. Specifically, we discuss the application of chitosan-based nanocomposite materials as adsorbents for textile effluents in aqueous environments. The review covers chitosan sources, physico-chemical properties, preparation method for various types of nanocomposites, and their applications in water treatment, we also explore the combination of chitosan with different nanomaterials including nanometer oxides, magnetic nanomaterials, nanoclays and carbonaceous nanomaterials for water treatment purpose.