Primer on Video-oculography and Video Head Impulse Testing for Neurologists

Abstract Purpose of Review Eye Movement and Vestibular findings can be manifestations of a wide range of neurologic diseases including and beyond those associated with peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Video-oculography (VOG) and video head impulse testing (vHIT) are accessible, noninvasive, and robust methods of both qualitative and quantitative measures of ocular motor and vestibular function that can assist the neurologist in the evaluation of their patients. The purpose of this review is to provide the neurologist, neurology trainee, neurology advanced practice provider, and other neurologic clinicians a primer on the use of VOG and vHIT in the evaluation of their patients. Recent Findings VOG and vHIT have become a mainstay of eye movement and vestibular evaluation. Recent studies have exemplified their use not only in vestibular syndromes but also in neurologic diseases including neuroinflammatory disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis, Ataxias including Spinocerebellar Ataxia 27B, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinsons Disease and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. Summary This Primer details the background of VOG & vHIT, their underlying technical aspects, a basic framework of VOG and vHIT interpretation, and several vestibular and ocular motor features that can assist with neurologic localization and diagnosis.