Modern trends and industrial use cases of digital twin technology with 3D behavioral representation

Abstract This paper investigates the latest advancements and industrial applications of Digital Twin (DT) technology, focusing on 3D behavior representation across the entire lifecycle, from design and initial planning to testing, implementation, and optimization. In this comprehensive review, the authors define 3D behavior as the virtualization and simulation of controlled technologies, encompassing processes performed, movement scenarios of the various parts of the technology, and their responses to the actual states and the surrounding environment. The study also explores the industrial applicability of 3D modeling and simulation using the latest software tools and methodologies. Furthermore, the authors define several use cases, derived from their own research experiences, that illustrate the different variants of Digital Twins across various stages of development and production within digitalized technology. These use cases highlight how Digital Twin solutions are applied in real-world scenarios, aligning with current digitalization trends and Industry 4.0 standards. The findings are discussed from an innovative perspective, emphasizing how Digital Twin technology can significantly improve all phases of industrial digitalization. This paper not only examines the research, theoretical foundation, and historical development of industrial Digital Twins but also clarifies key concepts such as modeling and model-based design, while providing an overview of relevant software tools. In addition, five detailed industrial use cases are presented, illustrating the practical implementation and benefits of Digital Twin technology in various industrial applications.