Apoplastic Fluid Collection/Analysis of Ustilago maydis-Infected Maize Leaves.

This chapter presents a detailed protocol for collecting and analyzing apoplastic-localized proteins from Ustilago maydis-infected maize leaves, using vacuum infiltration followed by centrifugation. It is suitable for protein profiling and the immunoblot detection of secreted effectors, providing a valuable tool for investigating host-pathogen interactions in the apoplast and offering insights into how U. maydis modulates this extracellular space during infection.