MO/PVDF-HFP Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Mechanical Energy Harvesting and Boundary Security Sensing.

Global energy demand has rapidly increased for sustainable and self-powered wearable electronic devices. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a promising approach for generating electrical energy by harvesting mechanical energy from daily human activities. In this report, magnesium oxide (MgO (MO)) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared via a one-step hydrothermal method. Subsequently, various concentrations of MO NPs were incorporated into poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), and nanofiber films (NFs) were fabricated via an electrospinning process. The fabricated films displayed high flexibility, making them suitable for motion-induced sensing and energy harvesting applications. Furthermore, the maximum electrical output performance was achieved with 0.05 wt% MO/PVDF-HFP NF. The optimized MO/PVDF-HFP NF-based TENG exhibited a voltage, current, charge density, and power density of 180 V, 5 µA, 45 µCm-2, and 1.5 Wm-2, respectively. The TENG was further evaluated for device robustness, stability, and long-term durability. Furthermore, the TENG was integrated into a self-powered boundary-detection security system that can detect human movement in restricted or unauthorized areas. This approach can pave the way to advance self-powered security and boundary-monitoring systems by providing a sustainable, low-cost, and energy-efficient strategy for autonomous security technologies.