Mechanisms of Butyrate in Diabetes Through the Metabolism-Immunity Axis and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies.

This review summarizes the impact of butyrate on the development of diabetes, particularly its mechanisms of action through the metabolism-immunity axis. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid produced by the fermentation of dietary fibers by gut microbiota, plays a crucial role in maintaining gut health and metabolic homeostasis. Recent studies have highlighted the significance of butyrate in regulating metabolic functions, including glucose metabolism, while also affecting immune responses. However, the precise mechanisms by which butyrate influences these pathways in the context of diabetes remain incompletely understood, and several challenges in translating these findings into clinical practice persist. This paper will provide a comprehensive overview of the current research status regarding butyrate's role in diabetes, discuss existing issues, and introduce potential targeted therapeutic strategies that could leverage butyrate's beneficial effects for diabetes management.