Antiobesity Efficacy of Marine Tapra Fish ( <i>Opisthopterus tardoore</i> ) Oil in High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Obese Mice by Activating Lipolysis and Suppressing Adipose Inflammation

The present study sought to elucidate the potentiality of oil extracted from Opisthopterus tardoore (OT, marine fish available in Bay of Bengal region) on diet induced obesity and explored into the primary molecular process that underlies these effects. Male Swiss albino mice were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to develop obesity, and different doses of OT (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg/day) oil was administered orally for 4 weeks. Following treatment, body weight, biochemical, histological, and genomic parameters were assessed from liver and adipose tissues (ATs). Significant reductions were observed in body weight, lipid profiles, blood glucose, liver, and visceral AT weight, correlated with decreased adipocyte size by supplementation with OT oil. The fish oil significantly upregulates mRNA levels of lipolytic factors such as adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1, lipoprotein lipase, and antiinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-10, than those of high-fat diet group. Concomitantly, adipogenesis and fatty acid synthesis were arrested by reduction of lipogenic genes, including leptin, fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, and proinflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and IL-1β) in adipocytes. The results therefore concluded that OT oil exhibited lipid-lowering along with antiinflammatory properties.