Faming Zhang, Hei Sunny Wong, Gaochen Lu, Zheshun Pi, Ting Zhang, Hon Ho Yu, Nan Bu, Xiong Chen, Bota Cui, Ding Dafa, Hainv Gao, Suyu He, Xingxiang He, Shengjuan Hu, Jia Hu, Yunlian Hu, Xiaomeng Jiang, Jiang Jin, Li J, Pan Li, Juan Liao, Weiwei Liao, J Liu, Ling Liu, Yaping Liu, Yanyan Liu, Yu Liu, Muhan Lv, Xiangjun Meng, Yongzhan Nie, Qian Ren, Lixuan Sang, Yang Sun, Xiaowen Tang, L. L. Wang, Wei Wang, X L Wang, Yanling Wei, Quan Wen, Lihao Wu, Xia Wu, Fang Xiao, Lijing Xiong, S Yang, S Yang, Guoliang Ye, Yue Zeng, Huihong Zhai, Xi Zhang, Yu Zhang, Kun Zhao, Li Zhou, Li Zhu, Kaichun Wu
ABSTRACT The new method of fecal microbiota transplantation, based on automatic facilities and washing processes, was coined as washed microbiota transplantation (WMT). The first recommendations on WMT were released as Nanjing Consensus report by the fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)‐standardization Study Group in 2019. This is the second consensus report on WMT by the expert group of the CHINAGUT Conference. Delphi and grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) systems were used to develop the consensus and appraise the quality of evidence and grading of recommendations. The present consensus named as Nanjing Consensus II with 28 statements was developed according to the preferred reporting items for microbiotherapy guidelines in 2024 (PRIM 2024) for improving the clinical use of WMT. The expert panel ranked the top 10 indications of WMT rather than voting on Clostridioides difficile infection. This consensus will promote the multidisciplinary application of WMT and advance the development of microbiota medicine.