Synthesis Mechanism and Regulation of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks‐Based Hollow Carbon Single‐Atom Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Up to now, researchers have been dedicated to developing oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts with high activity and durability. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are an excellent choice as precursors for ORR catalysts due to their high specific surface area and abundant active sites. At present, most review papers mainly concentrate on electrocatalysis and degradation. The distinction of this paper lies in starting with ZIFs themselves. First, the synthesis methods and mechanisms of ZIFs are summarized. Then, it elaborates in depth on how ZIFs form hollow structures and the preparation methods of derived single-atom catalyst materials. Finally, the development status of different types of hollow ZIF-derived single-atom materials in the ORR field is reviewed, and the future development trends and directions are prospected.