Toward Dual‐Electrode Full‐Cell Production: A Review on Electrosynthesis of H ₂ O ₂ via 2e ⁻ ORR and 2e ⁻ WOR

ABSTRACT H 2 O 2 's utility derives from its strong oxidizing properties and eco‐friendliness, rendering it widely used. The conventional anthraquinone process is the primary industrial production method, but plagued by drawbacks: complex by‐products, high energy consumption, and substantial transportation logistics costs. New alternatives are imperative, with electrocatalytic H 2 O 2 synthesis‐a promising option‐involving O 2 reduction to H 2 O 2 via 2e − ORR and H 2 O oxidation to H 2 O 2 via 2e − WOR. Currently, there have been varying degrees of research progress on the two pathways. This review comprehensively summarizes the latest progress of two different pathways used for electrocatalytic synthesis of H 2 O 2 . First, the reaction mechanisms of ORR and WOR were introduced, and the factors affecting production efficiency were analyzed from the perspective of thermodynamics. Next, different types of catalysts used in electrocatalysis were discussed, and strategies for improving their activity and H 2 O 2 selectivity were outlined. Subsequently, the applications of the two electrochemical pathways for H 2 O 2 production in reactors were introduced, focusing particularly on the breakthrough achieved by coupling 2e − ORR and 2e − WOR in a single system. This review concluded with an analysis of the hurdles in efficient H 2 O 2 electrosynthesis, in addition to the promising opportunity of achieving full production through a dual‐electrode approach.