Healthy Diet for Healthy Minds: Insights from Recent Epidemiological Studies.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Age-related cognitive decline is a major public health challenge and has a significant impact on a country's economy and economic growth. Evidence suggests dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean Diet (MeDi), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND), Alternative Health Eating Index (AHEI) and plant-based diets are associated with reduced cognitive decline and improved brain health. The main objective of this review is to summarize recent data and provide a literature-based evaluation of the effects of popular dietary patterns associated with cognitive health. RECENT FINDINGS: An in-depth evaluation of the current literature suggests that adherence to healthy dietary patterns-including the MeDi, DASH, MIND, AHEI, and plant-based diets-can play an important role in preserving cognitive function and delaying cognitive aging. However, gaps remain in understanding the effects of long-term dietary adherence, specific food constituents, culturally diverse dietary practices, and the underlying molecular and neurophysiological mechanisms. These factors warrant further investigation to identify causal relationships between dietary patterns and beneficial effects on cognitive health. Literature-based evaluation offers a strong correlation between diet, nutrition, and age-related cognitive health. Despite these observations, studies affirm that new research incorporating well-powered longitudinal studies and culturally adaptable interventions are equally necessary. Furthermore, public health officials and global health entities should implement evidence-based and well-researched nutritional policies that are aimed at preserving cognitive health.